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LLM

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LLM 演进史(六):揭开 Tokenizer 的神秘面纱

Tokenizer 是 LLM 中很重要但又没那么 fancy 的组件,在本系列之前的语言模型建模中,tokenizer 的实现方式是字符级的,将所有可能出现的 65 种字符制作嵌入表,然后用 embedding layer 对训练集进行编码向量化。而实践中…
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LLM演进史(五):构筑自注意力之路——从Transformer到GPT的语言模型未来

前置知识:前面的 micrograd、makemore 系列课程(可选),熟悉 Python,微积分和统计学的基本概念 目标:理解和欣赏 GPT 的工作原理 你可能需要的资料: Colab Notebook 地址 Twitter 上看到的一份很细致的笔记,比我写得好 在…
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微调之道

选择 LLM 完成一个 NLP 任务,如何下手? 从下图中就能很好的明白哪个操作适合完成你当前的任务: 如果你有时间和大量数据,你完全可以重新训练模型;一定量的数据,可以对预训练模型进行微调;数据不多,最好的选择是 “in context learning”,上下文学习…
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LLM演进史(四):WaveNet——序列模型的卷积革新

本节内容的源代码仓库。 我们在前面的部分搭建了一个多层感知机字符级的语言模型,现在是时候把它的结构变的更复杂了。现在的目标是,输入序列能够输入更多字符,而不是现在的 3 个。除此之外,我们不想把它们都放到一个隐藏层中,避免压缩太多信息。这样得到一个类似WaveNet的更深的模型。…
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GPT的现状

本文是对 Andrej Karpathy 的在 2023 年 3 月份的 Microsoft Build 演讲的整理。 演讲 Beamer 可见于:https://karpathy.ai/stateofgpt.pdf 演讲介绍了 GPT 的训练过程,发展地步,当前的 LLM…
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LLM演进史(二):词嵌入——多层感知器与语言的深层连接

本节的源代码仓库地址 本文算是训练语言模型的经典之作,Bengio 将神经网络引入语言模型的训练中,并得到了词嵌入这个副产物。词嵌入对后面深度学习在自然语言处理方面有很大的贡献,也是获取词的语义特征的有效方法。 论文的提出源于解决原词向量(one-hot 表示…
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LLM演进史(一):Bigram的简洁之道

本节的源代码仓库地址 前面我们通过实现micrograd,弄明白了梯度的意义和如何优化。现在我们可以进入到语言模型的学习阶段,了解初级阶段的语言模型是如何设计、建模的。 Bigram (一个字符通过一个计数的查找表来预测下一个字符。) MLP, 根据 Bengio et al…
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